A Rose for Emily. Analysis

Jack Wu English 1B – Professor Meehan 03/05/13 â€Å"Rose for Emily† Analysis In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†; William Faulkner details the loneliness and selfishness of peculiar woman, Miss Emily. Miss Emily is unable to grip the idea of death and suffers great deals of denial. After the death of her father, the townspeople expected her to be in a state of grief but alas she is not. Instead she proceeds to say that her father is very well with her, alive. William Faulkner’s idea of grieving is clear in this story because he shows his audience that it is better to accept death than to ignore it through the accounts of Miss Emily’s journey.William Faulkner’s story takes place in the South, during a time period of racial discrimination and major political change. By using reader response criticism, a reader can analyze â€Å"A Rose for Emily† through the aspects of the secret held within the story, race found through anthropology, and gender found through anthropology. To begin with, one can analyze â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by examining the underlying hidden message found within the story. The hidden message that William Faulkner tried to convey in his story was the themes of death and change.Death looms through the story from the beginning right on through to the end as the narrator begins describing the beginning of Miss Emily’s funeral. Miss Emily herself chooses not to accept the fate of death when her extremely controlling father passes away. Miss. Emily later killed Homer to ensure that he would never leave her. This is Miss Emily’s most severe attempt to preserve her life and the time period in which she lived. Miss. Emily believes that having nothing is less painful than grief over something lost. To further examine â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is by analyzing gender, Mr.Faulkner explains the roles of women in the South and how they were seen through the eyes of men. One can clearly see tha t through the opening sentence of the story, the narrator is stating that women gossip while men are caring and serious. This is only one of many passages that show that Mr. Faulkner is attempting to make men the stronger gender. â€Å"Only a man of Colonel Satoris’s generation could have invented it and only a women could have believed it† Faulkner. Colonel Satoris is described as being an ingenious man but in this sentence, Miss Emily’s name isn’t even mentioned when the two are compared.The statement made in this story is that men are the better gender. There are many aspects that were incorporated into â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. William Faulkner was able to create a story involving many ideas about society and how it functioned in a specific time period in the South. To further examine â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, one can use the reader response criticism and analyze the aspects of the hidden message found within the story, gender and race fou nd through anthropology. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is an important element in literature due to examination of the effects of change created in the olden South.

History Gcse Vietnam Coursework Essay

Source A is by US President Johnson, speaking in April 1965, one month after the start of Operation Rolling Thunder. It is a primary source. Johnson had a difficult job; he had to live up to be popular. The former president JFK was very popular. Johnson was a new president. He launched the direct involvement; former president only sent weapons and advisers. In the source, Johnson says USA got involved in Vietnam because â€Å"we have a promise to keep†. By saying promise he is referring to the Truman Doctrine. It is the promise made by Truman president of USA after World War Two, they promised to send money, weapons and advisers to the countries outside the Iron Curtain if they are over the threat of communism. Johnson feels that he has to carry on the promise. Americans expect Johnson to help out South Vietnamese. Americans think communism is evil, and they are the defender of democracy and capitalism. They think it6 is their job to contain communism. They have showed to the world that they will stand up over communism in Korea, Cuba and Greece; it is vital that they carry on containing communism to make America appear strong. The source is said to public in America. It is useful because it is from the president himself who lead the war which makes it is primary source because it was said at the time the war was going on. In addition, it gives us the reasons that Johnson told the public. It also tells us the official reason of why America was involved in the war. Because Johnson took them to war, many public believed him. Direct involvement has just begun and the incidents at gulf of Tongking and Pleiku were the excuses for America to bomb North Vietnam. The source is less useful because he doesn’t give a specific reason on why America was involved; he does not talk about the direct involvement, he is trying to justify his reasons on bombing Vietnam. He believes it is the right thing to do; he hides his private feelings. He also says the quote from the bible to back him up. â€Å"Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he says that the god will say he is doing the right thing. He is trying to make people feel it is the moral thing. He also means that he don’t want communism to be over the Iron Curtain. Because the views from the Vietnamese people are missing it make the source less useful. It is biased because we only get Johnson’s point of view. The date is significant and it is said to persuade the public and it makes the source more likely to be propaganda. Johnson is desperate to put the public on government’s side. Because if the government does not get the support from the public there will be a massive protest. The source only shows Johnson’s point of view so we don’t know if the Vietnamese wanted America there. Johnson has just started to bomb Vietnam which makes it less reliable because he is trying to put the public on government’s side. This is not uncommon because it is what the other leaders have done in the past to put the public on their side. Because it is common that makes it les reliable; the politicians can exaggerate the reasons why they have gone to the war. Propaganda has been used in World War 2 and more recently in Iraq and Afghanistan and the public have to be cautious when listening to propaganda speeches. The media is trying to make the public believe that communism is bad. The source on its own is not very useful. Perhaps if it was cross-examined with other sources we will be able to understand more about the reasons of why America got involved in the Vietnam War. Source B is a private conversation said by us President Johnson in May 1964. The source tells us that Johnson’s fear of communism â€Å"of course if you start running from the communists they may chase you into your own kitchen† which is similar to source A in the fact that he talks about communism spreading to the West and America. He also tells us that he has a fear of losing power which he doesn’t mention in source A because it is a public conversation. He says that the politicians and advisers are giving him pressure to start the war which means that JFK was doing is not working anymore. The source was spoken in May 1964 but then the Operation Rolling Thunder hadn’t started. The USA was only helping the Vietnamese indirectly. The date is significant because it shows that he had thought about bombing Vietnam, it wasn’t a decision which was taken straightaway. He says that he is not confident that they will win the war â€Å"I don’t think it is worth fighting for. And I don’t think we can get out† which contradict with what he has said in source A. Source B is useful because it displays his true thoughts and feelings about going to war in Vietnam. Because the decisions to go into war are done by Johnson it makes the source more reliable. However, because the source only tells us one point of view as to why they are involved in Vietnam War; it limits its reliability and it’s not helpful if you’re looking for why they are involved in Vietnam. The source is privately said which makes it more reliable because it’s trustworthy and because there is more chance of it being the truth. It is more useful because it shows what he really think about Vietnam â€Å"we acre a hell of a lot less† it again contradicts with source A where he said we should act up on Vietnam; this makes source A less useful. But on the other hand source B is less reliable because we don’t know who he had this private conversation with. I think source B on its own is not very useful because he doesn’t say many reasons of why they got involved in Vietnam. But it is useful in way that it contradicts with source A and helps us think more about if source A is reliable. Source C is by Professor Noam Chomsky, he was an American critic of the war; which means that he is not going to be positive about what the government is doing. He is less reliable because we don’t know his background. He ahs got his own agenda; possibly he can be Anti-American. Because he is a professor, people are more likely to believe what he says because he is knowledgeable. However, it doesn’t mean what he says must be true. The source is less useful because we don’t know where he got the information from, to make it more useful we need to know the derivation of his information. The professor emphasises the fact that the government didn’t go to the war to help the South Vietnamese â€Å"its our ‘official’ truth now† he is saying that this is what the public was told by the government, it was what everyone believed at that time. â€Å"It’s just not true† in these lines what the professor actually means is that President Johnson is a liar. â€Å"The US did not want an independent South Vietnam that was no longer dominated by America† in these lines the professor is telling us that USA got involved in Vietnam because they did not want to lose the control over Vietnam and they wanted took powerful to the Soviets during the Cold War. The source tells us that the US got involved in Vietnam for trade and money because if the South Vietnamese turn communist they won’t trade with America, which means that they will have less economy. â€Å"It could not allow South Vietnam out of its orbit† in these lines what he is saying is that America want to show the world its strength and it wants to keep control over Vietnam. It is about America being selfish and its greedy motives. This supports what Johnson said in source B, he only says he cares about Vietnam in source A. The source is said to public because he is being interviewed, the source is not very reliable because it only shows his point of view. The professor wants the public to know the truth or what he thinks is the truth. There is less chance that the media has changed the source. The source is useful because it shows us a different viewpoint about America’s involvement in Vietnam War. The fact that the professor has said it in public shows that he is trying to achieve publicity for himself by exaggerating the reasons. The source is useful because it displays that not everybody agreed to the war and some people criticised their own government. It is also good because it shows a different opinion on Vietnam War; something we haven’t considered before. The source was spoken in October 1982 after the war has finished in the 1970’s. Chomsky is criticising the government because they have lost the war, there is more chance of public believing Chomsky than government and they will think that the government has made a mistake. It is less reliable because it is a secondary source and he doesn’t know what the real reasons were, he wasn’t there at the time nor he wasn’t part of the government. In my opinion, source C on its own is not very useful because ewe only get one person’s viewpoint. But if it was interrogated with other sources it can be more reliable. In conclusion, I think from all these sources I have studied source B is more useful because it shows us what president Johnson felt at that time of war and he was the one who sent out soldiers to Vietnam. But in source A he could be lying to the public to justify his reasons because he can’t say he sent troops down to Vietnam for his selfish motives. I haven’t chosen source C because I think that he is trying to gain popularity by criticising the government and that is his job.

Narcissistic Leaders Essay

Big business today can be largely attributed to CEOs and leaders that are narcissistic. These leaders tend to be the center of attention more so now days then they used to be which is something a narcissistic person enjoys. Narcissists have been in business for a long time and have made great strides. People such as Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Thomas Edison, and Henry Ford were narcissists that were very successful business men. Narcissism may have been a good trait to achieve a high status in business but it can also make the person dangerous or not very likable. Heinz Kohut and Freud looked deeper into the theory and found that it could be treated by properly trained clinicians. Jack Welch and George Soros are prime examples of people who are what is called a productive narcissist; they strive to make a difference in the world and make a name for themselves. But narcissism can be bad enough that you believe that things are out to stand in your way of achievement and therefore you trust no one. Narcissists can sometimes become overly ambitious and shoot to high which can cause them to end up losing everything. Gyllenhammar is a prime example, he chose to not listen to anyone and found himself in court being forced to resign. Freud narrowed the main personality types down to erotic, obsessive, and narcissistic. Those with an erotic personality need to be loved by others that is the most important element of life to them. These types of people tend to be teachers, nurses or social workers. At their best, they help better the young and are a big help when working. They have a positive effect on those around them in the workplace. Freud referred to them as outer directed people. Freud referred to obsessives as inner directed. They are very in tune with what is going on and look to themselves to resolve conflicts. They are obsessed with improvement when working because by nature they value moral improvement over everything else. They tend to go into a field of work that spurs their interest but they don’t have what it takes to go from slightly above average to amazing. At their best they shoot high, and do what is necessary for the business to succeed. When productive they work well with others but when unproductive they usually don’t succeed. Narcissists are very self-indulged and don’t care much for others. When it comes to business they know their field inside and out and go above and beyond. Narcissists are extremely hungry for knowledge about their business. They desire to be admired by others but not necessarily loved. Maccoby (2000) states that unlike obsessives, they are not troubled by a punishing superego, so they are able to be very aggressive in pursuit of their goals. Maccoby (2000) goes on to say of all the personality types, narcissists run the greatest risk of isolating themselves at the moment of success. And because of their independence and aggressiveness, they are constantly looking out for enemies, sometimes degenerating into paranoia when they are under extreme stress. Obsessives as leaders tend to try and expand on a safe level that is practical and likely to benefit the company. Narcissists want more, they go all out and take big risks that if they work as planned will greatly benefit the business; but it is not as likely to work. Narcissists may hide it well but they feed of f of praise and recognition of followers. Without that admiration narcissists become overwhelmed, but too much admiration can cause them to feel too superior this can lead to dangerous acts that may be detrimental to the business. Narcissists can’t handle criticism; they remain out of tune with their emotions as much as possible. Due to the fact that narcissists can’t deal with being criticized they tend to completely ignore negative comments toward them. Narcissists also have no compassion what so ever. They can perform acts that may anger or sadden someone without any remorse. They are so independent that they don’t like to mentor anyone or be mentored. Competition is a narcissist’s forte; they get so into it that they would do almost anything to be the best. A trust-worthy sidekick has to be someone they can relate to and keeps him down to earth. They believe that everyone around them should think the same thing that they do even if it involves brainwashing. They are control-freaks, and want to know everything that’s going on at all times. These productive narcissists make good leaders by nature but the rest of them sometimes can’t see their limitations and will end up in trouble. Maccoby (2000) sums this altogether with for companies whose narcissistic leaders recognize their limitations, these will be the best of times. For others, these could turn out to be the worst.

See word Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

See word - Assignment Example It supports the employment of immigrants, and provides its employees with a wage that helps them meet their needs successfully. More to this, it advocates for the conservation of the environment as it uses organic cotton and recycled materials to make its products. These aspects endear the company to the public as they take social responsibility seriously. Consequent to this, many customers are drawn to the company, thus promoting the sales of the company. However, the sexual campaigns used by the company to advertise its products expose the employees to sexual harassment, thus interfering with their dignity. Therefore, the company ought to discontinue the marketing strategy, and promote the dignity of its employees. American Apparel serves both male and female customers. This enables the company to sell its products to a wider population, hence attracting a considerable portion of the population. It provides the customers with clothing required for daily use, thus meeting their basic needs. However, older customers who visit the premises of this company tend to get shocked by the adverts used to display the garments, which deters most of them from completing a purchase. This leads to a considerable loss of revenue, which affects the company‘s profitability negatively, thus necessitating a change in the marketing strategy. Competitors in this industry apply marketing techniques that maintain the dignity of individuals. Consequently, customers would prefer buying their garments from such companies, instead of a company that promotes sexual behavior. This compels American Apparel to transform its strategy, to maintain, and attract a large pool of customers. American Apparel serves the global world. However, it specializes in selling to young adults above the age of twenty (Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation 1). Different countries have different cultures that guide their value system. Some countries maintain a restrictive culture,

The legal and ethical issues surrounding Solyndra Essay - 1

The legal and ethical issues surrounding Solyndra - Essay Example Obama administration was doing everything possible to encourage renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources such as solar energy. It is believed that solar energy will replace all conventional energy sources in future because of its potential to provide green energy or clean energy. Obama administration does not want to see the closure of energy companies, especially the energy companies dealing with solar energy. Therefore, Obama administration has recently sanctioned a half-billion dollar loan to the failing solar energy company Solyndra. Many people believe that the decision to support a company like Solyndra is illegal and unethical. The concerns of the ordinary people related to the $535 million financial aid to Solyndra was proved to be right after the collapse of the company in 2011. The collapse of Solyndra has left the taxpayers liable for all $535 million (Solyndra, the White House, and the Most Dangerous Conflict of Interest of  All, 2011). The Solyndra scandal is a perfect example to prove that politically motivated illogical decisions may cause immense harm to the taxpayers or ordinary people. This paper analyses the legal and ethical issues involved in the decision of Obama administration to support Solyndra. Solyndra accuses Chinese companies for its failure to prosper in American market. The company believes that the governmental policies are not good enough to counter the challenges from foreign companies in the solar energy market. Solyndra argues that Chinese companies or solar panel makers are conspired to fix prices and flood the U.S. market with solar panels at below-cost prices forcing it out of business. Solyndra has already filed a1.5 billion lawsuit against Chinese companies (Bathon, 2012). It is a fact that Chinese made products are cheaper than products manufactured in other countries such as America. In China, manpower cost is extremely less compared to that in America. Therefore, Chinese companies can sell

Theoretical analysis & Critical design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Theoretical analysis & Critical design - Essay Example It will argue on the various natures of museums architectural features and whether the status as being an art or artefacts is influenced by taste and designs. Much emphasis will be placed on the museums external features than internal. This will enable the articles point of view to have depth. The museums that will be studied are those that have pre-purpose built features that represent the museums, not the ones that are used in the room somewhere. This will enable the article to bring taste and designs that aerated and the  objectives of this study to light. Museum is an architectural design of its own; with a rich past and typology of its own. The working together of the different aspect of museums architectural designs bring out the overall taste that describes the museum.1 The symbioses of all this activities shore-up the museums image, as a representation of art in that area. It may not come as a surprise as the two most essential modern works of museum theory, practice and cr iticism talk about an architectural image. This book titles Andre Malraux, the museum without walls and Douglas Crimps Un the museum, ruins refer to the opening of museum wrapper, the breaking down of the museums integrity.2 These two books summed the state of museum architecture in the modern era; they represent an attempt to try and break through the boundaries that try to separate the building from existence in terms class and ethic make up. The desire to breakdown the museum architectural fortifications were either literally or figuratively. It represents an indication to inhere the architectural designs of museums around the world, to render its boundaries nonexistent and hence, open the museum to the free flow of activities. The edges of the museums thus represent seclusion from the world’s reality and activities, the walls of the museums. Sign of the walls of museums is both are both it official expression and interface between the museum and the world. The internal pa rts of the museum are where the works of arts hang. The walls of museum act as a representation of the world. They act as protection between the physical world internal worlds.3 The design of the walls is an expression of how the museums walls are made to keep us out while keeps its rich heritage inside the walls. Museum is not just a place where items are displayed but also as a full sense of marvellous construction in the world. The museum is a representation old strong foundation. Museums that are a have survived the test of time are a description of what is the strength. Considering that most museums were made decades ago, and they still maintain the old structures, when museums address themselves in matters of taste they are faced with a dilemma, of what is historical fact affecting their taste right now. When describing the taste of a building whether people define it as being value free, or non partisan, or whether endorsing or contesting a particular pattern of preference th is shows that preference can be relative and absolute depending from your point of view. Taste becomes relative when it shows that a museums taste is just a symbolic description of what is valid to people at a certain time.4 When the structures of people’s language are considered then taste becomes absolute. People can describe a refurbished museum space to either be good, better or the best. When

Nursing Research # 3 Quantitative Resaerc Appraisal Assignment

Nursing Research # 3 Quantitative Resaerc Appraisal - Assignment Example Such an affiliation with a uniform color and style creates a preference that correlates with the uniform having an extreme score grounded on the features of the nurse’s image. The issue is significant and relevant to nursing because professionalism amongst nurses is determined by the level of education and workplace etiquette. The image features of nurses are applicable at their place of work because image is apparent by pediatric patients, grown patients and mature guests (Albert, Wocial, Meyer, Na and Trochelman, 2008, p. 180). The problem is also very applicable to nursing because uniform fondness is consistent with the features of the nurse’s image. In terms of financing, the study was possible because the research was sponsored by the Cleveland Clinic. The clinic aimed at offering training and professional support to nurses working within their domain through this research. The subjects used in the study were also fully dedicated to the objective and mission of the study. The specialists used in the study were completely focused and committed to the cause of the study. The subjects and facility provision was at of the highest quality (Albert, Wocial, Meyer, Na and Trochelman, 2008, p. 180). The subjects were adults well aware of the techniques and protocols used in the study. The equipment used in the study was most efficient for providing quality findings for the research and the layout of the variables. All applied ethical considerations completely were completely feasible since the subjects were exposed to all perceptions of the possible outcomes. Applicable studies that were carried out in the past have not been solely referenced in the study. This is because the experiment was a first of its kind. The preview journal involved is not entirely recognized by all medical sub-disciplines of nursing. Nevertheless, the study was identified for its similarity to a nursing project initiated by Mangum in 1997. The

Journal entry #8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal entry #8 - Essay Example tween the target language and the learners first language and the other sequenced according to increasing linguistic complexity of target language items† (1984, p. 691). A discussion on the syllabus design based on disparities between L1 and L2 structures were subsequently presented where the author identified that the most difficult phase was learning crucial elements in the target language that were absolutely absent in the student’s native language. Therefore, various guidelines and contributions were presented for syllabus design and proposed development on the complexity of the second language was appropriately delved into. Accordingly, the author noted that â€Å"recent findings from interlanguage research suggest several ways in which attention to certain aspects of traditional approaches to syllabus design-specifically, L1 transfer and L2 complexity-can be used in selecting, sequencing, and grading items for the syllabus† (Pica, 1984, p. 700). The article is most useful for teachers in the development and design of effective syllabus considering disparities and complexities in interlanguage instructions and learning. Through the guidelines provided in the discourse for syllabus design from the noted cross-linguistic research, educators are illumined on instructional approaches and methods that would facilitate teaching a second language more

Federal Funding of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Paper

Federal Funding of Human Embryonic Stem Cell - Research Paper Example During the reign of President Bush, federal funding of human embryonic stem cell research stood banned since the administration opposed the practice. Even though the federal government does not fund research that involves the creation of embryos for purposes of research, President Obama’s administration lifted the ban. The federal government funds researchers that make use of embryos created in vitro fertilization but have stayed unused. However, the move by the federal government to provide funding for human embryonic stem cell research encourages other unethical practices such as abortion. Since these scientists remain prohibited from creating embryos for the research, they would turn to other alternatives to obtaining embryos. The justification used for the research would be that embryos couldn’t be considered human. This justification is likely to be used by unethical practitioners to support their misdemeanors, for instance, those conducting the abortion. Causes of the problem James Thomson initiated the human embryonic stem cell research in 1998. Several reasons became presented for the initiation of this research on the basis that stem cells have the potential to save lives. One such cause for embryonic stem cell research would be the development of rubella and polio as a resource for developing national policy and for local institutional review boards. This became founded on the premise that the research would develop considerable biomedical knowledge not obtainable by other methods. This problem intensified due to the impact of laws on the situation stem cell research developed. The Congress under President Reagan’s reelection in 1993 nullified the requirement for approval by the Ethics Advisory Board (EAB) on embryonic stem cell research. In addition, the Congress lifted a moratorium on federal funding of embryo research, which later became banned by the 1996 Congress (Holland et al. 27-29).

It is an article for my experimental economy class to summary Essay - 1

It is an article for my experimental economy class to summary - Essay Example Economists and none-economists students were selected for the study. The study was done in form of an experiment that required decision making within a period of about 30 minutes. It required the division of $10 in multiples of $0.50 between two people; a proposer and a responder. The proposer was to propose the division and the responder to decide if the division was acceptable or not. From the study conducted by Carter John and Irons Michael it is noted that economists generally accept less from others and keep more to themselves as compared to the none-economists. When another variable that helps to identify freshman economists and freshman non- economists was added, the freshman economists were still found to hold to the perspective of accepting less from others and keeping more. Therefore economists are born and not man-made. A third variable was also added to differentiate between the senior economists and the senior none-economists. This was meant to bring out any effects on the behavior of the economists as a result of learning economics. There were no clear learning effects realized from the experiment. Therefore, learning does not change the behavior of economists. The freshman economist and the senior economist all held the same perspective: They accept less and keep more to themselves (Carter and Irons 173). It was also realized that the choice of economics major students to major in economics was strongly related to their behavior. It was also found out that the economists were not only skilled in self interest calculation as facilitated by their deductive reasoning needed to recognize and decide on opportunities for economic gain. Economists are better at the type of thought processes that are related to rationality. They were able to give good figure of what a responder should accept and what a proposer should propose so as to maximize their monetary wealth keeping in mind that their partners

General science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

General science - Research Paper Example The first and most apparent recognized use is as communications apparatus with people you already have a strong acquaintance. Email and instantaneous messaging has gone way past the previous adopter phase. For many enterprises, societies and families, it has become one of the prevailing forms of communication. Email is up there with the telephone, and more and more is replacing physical mail and fax. This is fascinating. It took the telephone eons to be at par with this level of acknowledgement for such routine uses. Fax never reached it for personal utilizations (Zittrain, 2009). On the other hand, the Internet has been also used as an information-collecting tool. Reports by Pew Internet Project show that over 50 percent of adult Internet consumers utilized the Internet, most probably, for job-connected research. On any given day, nearly 16 percent of Internet consumers are online doing research. Ninety-four percent of youth ages 12-17 who have Internet access claim that they utiliz e the Internet for social research. Seventy-one percent of online teenagers assert that they utilized the Internet as a key source for their current major school project or report. The History of early medium of communication Example: Printed communication (i.e. books and newspapers), television, and radio According to Wyman( 2009) written communication flourished off developing technology, such like the discovery of paper and printing press. In fact, publishing media is the oldest type of mass media. This media includes newspapers, books and magazines. The conception of books is apparently not new. It is thought that the first ever book in the world was published and printed in 863 AD in China. Although it was the first book to be officially printed, many historians assert that books had been released way before this period. On the other hand, newspapers are not as well new. They were invented during the seventeenth century in Britain and by the nineteenth century were widespread m ass media. The publishing media is currently the only source of mass communication. However, there has been considerable fall in its prominence but yet is a very essential source of mass media among the massive masses (Zittrain, 2009). Even now, radio remain a very prevailing means of communication and there are numerous kinds of radio utilized by institutions and people for the purpose of conveying information. Radio is used to send messages through signals by commonly modulation and many other means. It is characteristically utilized institutions and person who are far way from each other but need to maintain a constant communication. The idea of the television developed from the concept of being capable of see an individual while interacting with him on the phone. The social, political, and technical forces that have sustained the dominance of the medium of communication. Example: military interest, media enthusiasm and public triumphs In the communications niche, Motorola brough t about innovation. In 1983, Motorola introduced the first industrial portable cell phone, known as Motorola DynaTac 8000X phone. This as a result transformed how the world communicates. The corporation was the pioneer for radio communications. In the year 1940 Motorola grew its first handheld radio, the Handie-Talkie transferable two-way radio, designed for the United States military. This was followed by increased production of two-way

Philip-Morris-Marlboro Essay Example for Free

Philip-Morris-Marlboro Essay The largest cigarette manufacturer in the United States is Philip Morris but there are also four major players in the industry. In 1998, due to a decrease in number of sales and customer feedback, Philip Morris resulted to cut prices among the four players and level the competition. It is evident that the other manufacturers are getting the edge of being cheap because more people buy their product. Philip Morris is a notch higher because of its quality and sensation hence smokers would prefer to smoke more and pay for less. Philip Morris consciously cut prices to avoid consumers to switch to cheaper cigarettes. When this was done, the shipments towards retail sellers dropped twice as fast meaning the move of Philip Morris to cut prices was effective. The Philip Morris was yet to be successful since the other players such as Marlboro and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Holdings Corp, which is the second-biggest cigarette producer, panicked and had implemented the same changes to their prices but this time they have also intensified advertisements to attract more customers. With this economic trend, it shows that cigarette smokes are really particular when it terms of prices. Quality is the second thing that they look upon since they want to smoke more for less compensation. Since it was a good run for Philip Morris, there have been increased promotions that helped diminish the discrepancy among other competitors that have cheaper prices. The lower prices helped Philip Morris increase its share of cigarette sales. It would be wise for Philip Morris to be polymorphous and adaptive about the prices. To have cut prices would entail that they are elastic in nature and his highly sensitive to other cigarette manufactures. When it comes to health, the move of organization to intensify their opposition against smoking could really be a factor so to have cut prices means that they are want to keep their consumers regardless of the posing health risks. Back to the economic terms, to have cut prices is to maintain the competition among the other players in the cigarette industry. A simple trade of small sales with high prices or large sales with low prices, either way is good as long as the net income is still enough to break-even or be profitable. With the reputation and the prestige that Philip Morris already established. Changes in prices among rival players would only be minor and can be handled easily. To take into consideration, the people in the retailing department are the ones who really set the prices for their product. Since retailers buy them in wholesale, the tendency is that they get the product cheap and sell it high. Well, that is basic but the fact is they remain unaffected in terms of competition hence they are unaware of the rising conflict in the greater economy. If the market were in perfect monopoly then buying low and selling high would be very effective.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To have cut prices is to level the competition for other players. It is not done unreasonably. Price hikes and cut prices depend on the economic trend being foreseen or predicted according to the sales and income a company gets. Given a chance, to decide if Philip Morris should have a cut price, I would agree because there are many new players in the cigarette industry that are cheap and quality too and besides being the number one producer does not necessarily mean that one is the number one seller. People have different preferences when it comes to smoking cigarette hence the posing threats to their health are neglected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To make the long story short, Philip Morris should only watch the trends before jumping into having cut prices. Discounts and price cuts does not necessarily mean greater sales. It comes along with timing and situation. Putting it into economics, the demand for the product is same at all levels, the supply is also the same, then the determining factor to a successful sales is that to have prices that will catch the attention of the consumers and would complicate the assets of the rival players. Pricing one’s product is a key to be successful in the industry. List of References Convience Store news. (2003). ‘Philip Morris Revamps Rebate Program’. [on-line] available from http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/food-stores/4477294-1.html [February 8, 2008] Irish Examiner (2004.). ‘Philip Morris to cut cigarette prices to keep customers’ [on-line] available from http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/2004/01/01/story447418409.asp [February 8, 2008] Gleen Collins. (2003. ‘Philip Morris Sharply Cuts Prices’ [on-line] available from http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9506E7DF1E39F935A25757C0A960958260 [February 8, 2008]

The Tower Of London English Literature Essay

The Tower Of London English Literature Essay The Tower of London is known as one of Londons most haunted buildings. The tower was built to look over the Saxton and to be a strong building for defense (Wikiland). It was also used for prisoners of war (Wikiland). Many people believe that its haunted because there have been many deaths, and there have also been first hand experiences with ghosts. Some have also had scary encounters with something that wasnt even there (Paranormal Haze). The Tower of London is one of most haunted places in London, there are many experiences, and there have been very many deaths there as well. William the Conqueror built the Tower of London in the year 1708, it is known as Her Majestys Royal Palace and Fortress (Paranormal Haze). Certain parts of the tower date back to over 900 years ago (Real British Ghosts). The only reason certain parts date back so far is because the tower has gotten remodeled a few times. The tower has had many different uses, the kings and queens living there, and buildings being used for a prison, torture chambers, and place for execution (Real British Ghosts). Many people have lived in the tower, such as, Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn, and Catherine Howard. The tower has also been used to house animals, such as bears (Baird, C). There have also been many deaths/executions, such as Anne Boleyn. Anne was executed for one specific reason. Her husband King Henry VIII executed her for giving birth to a stillborn child and accused her of infidelity (Paranormal Haze). In 1483, Edward V and Richard the Duke of York were murdered (Paranormal Haze). In 1674, some workers found the remains of the princes in a chest (Paranormal Haze). Another death that occurred was The Countless of Salisbury. King Henry VIII executed the Countless due to a political reason (Paranormal Haze). But during her execution she refused to put her head down to get beheaded, and ran off (Paranormal Haze). Eventually she was found and axed to death (Paranormal Haze). King Henry VIII 5th wife, Catherine Howard, was sentenced to death for being adulterous (Paranormal Haze). Also, Sir Raleigh was imprisoned for 12 years, but upset King James VI and he was beheaded (Real British Ghosts). Whenever some tourists, guards, workers, warriors, etc. are at the Tower, they tend to get funny feelings. One claim has smelled a certain scent and even thrown up (Paranormal Haze)! Some people have seen ghosts walking or gliding down hallways. Some have also seen apparitions standing and waving, and even screaming for help. There are many claims of ghosts haunting the tower. One ghost Thomas Becket has been known to haunt the tower (Paranormal Haze). During reconstruction on the tower, it is said that he was shaking the walls and holding the cross making it crumble (Paranormal Haze). It is also said that Henry III had a chapel built and named after Thomas Becket (Paranormal Haze). Apparently, ever since the tower was built, it is said that Becker has stopped appearing and not been seen since (Paranormal Haze). A few years after Edward V and Richard of Duke were murdered, a few guards said that they saw two small figures gliding down the stairs wearing night shirts and disappeared down the stairs (Baird, C.). Some have claimed that they have also been seen holding hands (Real British Ghosts). The Tower of Londons most famous ghost, Anne Boleyn is said to haunt around the area where she was executed. Some people claim they have seen her walking around without her head (Paranormal Haze). People believe tha t she haunts because she wasnt able to produce an heir (Paranormal Haze). Anne is also spotted in the Chapel of Saint Peter ad Vincula where she watches over her own grave under the altar (Your Ghost Story). Catherine on the other hand can be heard screaming behind the door of the room she was kept in before her execution (Your Ghost Story). After King VIII 5th wife, Catherine Howard was sentenced to death for being adulterous; many claim they have seen her running down the hallways and screaming for help (Paranormal Haze). Many believe she screams for help because she didnt want to die, and she feels like she was reliving her death. The white tower, the oldest part of the tower, is where it is said the white lady lives. The White Lady is apparently an apparition that will appear from time to time to those in the tower. (paranormal haze). One story says that she was standing at a window waving at a group of children who were in an opposite building. (Paranormal Haze) Theres also the smell of a cheap perfume that will hang around the entrance of St. Johns Chapel (Paranormal Haze) the smell of the perfume has caused some to vomit (Paranormal Haze). In October of 1817, a tubular, glowing apparition claimed to have been seen in the Jewel House by the Keeper of the Crown Jewels, Edmund Lenthal Swifte (Wikiland). He said that the apparition hovered over the shoulder of his wife, leading her to exclaim: Oh, Christ! It has seized me! (Wikiland). At one time, the tower housed animals. Apparently a guard saw a bear running towards him, but the bear went right through him and vanished (Paranormal Haze). Later on in the evening he was found on the floor unconscious (Paranormal Haze). Later on he died, many believe he died over fright of what he saw. (Paranormal haze). Another story comes from a Yeoman Warrior, who was in the salt tower, many people already feel scared enough in the salt tower (Paranormal Haze). The warrior reported, being choked by something that was not there. (Paranormal Haze). The Yeoman Warriors now refuse to enter the tower after sun down (Paranormal Haze). In the gallery where Henry VIII suit of armor is being displayed, some guards have said that there is a sensation of being descended upon and crushed, which only fades as they leave the room. (Paranormal Haze). One guard said, having a cloak put over his head and being choked from behind. (Paranormal Haze). But when the guard escaped, he found no one in the room (Paranormal Haze). But, he had marks on his neck that show he had been the victim of an attack. (Paranormal Haze). The Tower of London is was built to look over the Saxton, and was built for the Kings and Queens to live in during their reign. But over time the tower started to be used for many different purposes, other than just for the King and Queen. The tower started to be used as a torture chamber, prison, and a place of execution. Its haunted because there have been so many deaths there, and some of the people that have died there are angry or in sorrow. The tower was built over 900 years ago, and the queens and kings that lived here, put many people in harm. Especially the kings, one king had almost every wife executed. Many people teen to feel nocuous, dizzy, and some even throw up when they are in certain parts. There are many ghosts that haunt the tower. Many of the kings wives, such as Anne Boleyn haunt it. Anne haunts the tower because she was uneasy about her death, as were many others. The Tower of London is known as one of Londons top haunted places to visit. The tower has many spir its and ghosts that haunt there. Sources: Baird, C. (n.d.). The Amazing and Haunted Tower of London. The Amazing and Haunted Tower of London | Paranormal Haze. Retrieved from http://www.paranormalhaze.com/the- amazing-and-haunted-tower-of-london/ Tower of London Ghosts. (2010). Tower of London Ghosts. Retrieved from http://www.real-british-ghosts.com/tower-of-london-ghosts.htmlThe Tower of London. (n.d.). Tower of London. Retrieved from http://www.wikiand.com/wiki/Tower_of_London The Tower of London. (2012). Your Ghost Stories. Retrieved from http://www.yourghoststories.com/famous-ghost-stories/tower-london.php

Statistical Analysis of Train Arrival Times

Statistical Analysis of Train Arrival Times Introduction In carrying out this project, the Researcher will be able to provide the reader with the findings of the project works through the use of Class Material and Statistical Data collected which was conveyed using the real-time analysis and Irish Rails Annual Report. In doing so, this will establish in short the output response by way of the trains arrival time. In addition, producing regression analysis graphs in terms of Null and Alternative Hypotheses being asked and relayed through the workings of Minitab (ANOVA (one way factor) will determine the P-value by way of the design of the experiment (DoE) The project will be focusing on the requirements set under the Public Service Contract between the National Transport Authority and Iarnrà ³d Éireann Concerning Compensation for Public Service Obligations pursuant to Dublin Transport Authority Act 2008 (as amended by the Public Transport Regulation Act 2009) and EC Regulation 1370/2007, Schedule B Performance Obligations of Iarnrà ³d Éireann to complete this project (Irish Rail 2017). This report will provide key information to be documented and relayed throughout this project, such as: Describing the process you are analysing, generically and technically. Designing an experiment that will allow you to determine the effect of the factor on the output response, run the experiment and gather the data appropriately and taking into account Sample size, Randomization, Independence and Previous results available. Providing statistical analysis of the experiment and describing the statistical evidence collected, in terms of Null and Alternative Hypotheses Show results of your experiment. In particular, does the factor affect the output response? Does your assumption, statistical and technical, seem reasonable for these data collected? Identify one area of weakness in your study and/or your results and suggest how a new study could investigate it to improve the performance of the process.      Ã‚   (Luu ,2017) In completion of this project the research hopes to reach an agreement based on the train time performance obligations against the researchers real-time data collected. This in turn has given rise to the question being asked by way of the Null and Alternative Hypotheses. In doing so it produces findings by way of graphs which focus on the residual analysis produced and P-value based on Irish rails 95% confidence requirement. Thereafter, determining the level of compliance being corresponded by Irish rail against real-time analysis output response carried out over a two week period. Results were achieved through the use of Irish Rail real time software application. Finally, the researcher himself has an added interest in the findings as he has spent the last 5 years using the service from Dublin to Galway and Galway to Dublin collectively and is fully aware of post -arrival time delays and their add -on effects that he has endured on arriving at his final destination and the knock on effects interlinked. Irish Rail company profile Iarnrà ³d Éireann is a service that provides passengers and freight rail services both intercity and regional services. Operating between Dublin, Belfast, Sligo, Ballina, Westport, Galway, Limerick, Ennis, Tralee, Cork, Waterford and Rosslare, Europort and Iarnrà ³d Éireann jointly operates the Dublin to Belfast Enterprise service with Northern Ireland Railways.( Irish Rail 2017) In addition the DART service operates between Greystones and Howth/Malahide. It also runs a commuter service in the Dublin area between Gorey, Drogheda, (Irish Rail 2017) Performance obligation punctuality and reliability Track Records Punctuality is set by the National Transport Authority (NTA) for all routes which regulates Irish Rails performance rates. Punctuality is defined as on time or within 10 minutes of arrival times. Delays outside of Iarnrà ³d Éireanns control are trucks hitting bridges or extreme weather conditions such as snow or fog (Irish Rail 2017). The NTA performance reports under the Public Service Obligation contract is measured against Iarnrà ³d Éireann punctuality records. This excludes delays as stated above and figures are independently verified by the NTA. Reliability simple put is whether the train operates or not. Train performance in terms of punctuality and reliability Galway to Dublin track performance results 2016 Period Dates Punctuality Reliability 01 Jan 01 to Jan 31 95.1% 100% 02 Feb 01 to Feb 28 96.4% 100% 03 Feb 29 to Mar 27 96.8% 100% 04 Mar 28 to Apr 24 94.9% 100% 05 Apr 25 to May 22 95.4% 100% 06 May 23 to Jun 19 95.5% 99.38% 07 Jun 20 to Jul 17 94.4% 100% 08 Jul 18 to Aug 14 94.3% 100% 09 Aug 15 to Sep 11 96.7% 100% 10 Sep 12 to Oct 09 97.9% 100% 11 Oct 10 to Nov 06 93.4% 100% 12 Nov 07 to Dec 04 92.6% 99.70% 13 Dec 05 to Dec 31 0.00% 0.00% Galway to Dublin track performance results 2015 (Irish Rail 2017) Period Dates Punctuality Reliability 01 Jan 01 to Jan 25 92.2% 99.83% 02 Jan 26 to Feb 22 98% 100% 03 Feb 23 to Mar 22 95.2% 100% 04 Mar 23 to Apr 19 95.8% 100% 05 Apr 20 to May 17 92.6% 100% 06 May 18 to Jun 14 96.9% 100% 07 Jun 15 to Jul 12 95.5% 100% 08 Jul 13 to Aug 09 93.3% 100% 09 Aug 10 to Sep 06 94.9% 100% 10 Sep 07 to Oct 04 96.3% 100% 11 Oct 05 to Nov 01 88.8% 99.07% 12 Nov 02 to Nov 29 80.2% 99.69% 13 Nov 30 to Dec 31 91.5% 100% Galway to Dublin track performance results 2014 (Irish Rail 2017) Period Dates Punctuality Reliability 01 Jan 01 to Jan 26 95.2% 99.83% 02 Jan 27 to Feb 23 91.2% 100% 03 Feb 24 to Mar 23 94.3% 100% 04 Mar 24 to Apr 20 97.7% 100% 05 Apr 21 to May 18 96.1% 100% 06 May 19 to Jun 15 96.5% 100% 07 Jun 16 to Jul 13 94.3% 100% 08 Jul 14 to Aug 10 94.8% 100% 09** Aug 11 to Sep 07 98.6% 100% 10 Sep 08 to Oct 05 95.8% 100% 11 Oct 06 to Nov 02 90.4% 100% 12 Nov 03 to Nov 30 89.8% 100% 13 Dec 01 to Dec 28 96.6% 99.71% (Irish Rail 2017) Design of Experiment In the undertaking of this project the design of the experiments (DoE) objective was to discover if the punctuality (Train Delay) of real time analysis meets the requirements set and if the tasks could be repeated would we get the same results or could the process be improved to achieve better results. In carrying out this experiment the topic choice untaken was to be of significant value to achieve the right information which in turn helps to design the experiment in the right manner otherwise this information could be mixed up with something else such as an observational study (Reilly 2017, pg 109). To differentiate from the above, a design of experiments was sets out to identify causes that may enable us to change the behaviour pattern and help improve the process. In achieving my final results this experiment considered the effect of a factor (Time of Day) on an output response (Different times of the Day). Additionally this experiment placed emphasis on a number of different train times (factor levels) which were randomly selected beforehand consisting of Peak and None peak times during the week. Hypothesis Testing To get a true value one can only assume that what is being relayed by the company is accurate. This should not be taken as being accurate until otherwise proven but one can only assume that the null hypothesis is true. In order to get a true reflection in statistics the theory of testing is called the null hypothesis (H0). Hypothesis is another word for theory, and it is null because at the outset it is neither proven nor disproven (Reilly 2017, pg. 68). In the task being carried out the objective is to prove or disprove that Irish rails punctuality clams mean is at 95% and to show how close or far from the 95% it is. Then you have to ask the question. What is the probability of the data, assuming that the null hypothesis is true, this probability is called the p-value (Reilly 2017, pg. 68).Then using the standard ÃŽÂ ± = 0.05 cut-off, the null hypothesis is rejected when p p > .05 also known as type one and two errors. The Null Hypothesis being asked. The null hypothesis (H0) Different times of the day does not affect the time of day. This means that all the factor levels according to the null hypothesis, that random variation is only present. The alternative hypothesis (H1) Different times of the day does have effect on the time of day. This means that the factor does have an effect on the response and that some of the variation in the response is explained by the factor. Single-Factor Experiments and ANOVA by software For the purpose of this project, A single-factor experiment was to be carried out, which considered the effect of one factor on a response as stated prior. Furthermore, other factors that could affect the arrival time, such as accidents on bridges and extreme weather conditions, where kept constant during this experiment by applying the principles of experiment design. Principles of Experimental Design in this case Replication To get a true measurement for each response three test was carried out for each factor level over two weeks. This then allows you to see how much random variationoccurs in the response even when the factor level remains the same, otherwise known as the error variance (Reilly 2017, pg 109). It must be noted that The term error does not convey as a mistake in this instance but simply takes into account impacts that could affect the overall result such as environmental impacts along with other underling facts for example driver error, trains not leaving stations on time, other trains impacts and peak travel times. Furthermore, it also must be noted that the learning effect should have no effect on the over final results in this case. The learning effects in this instance should not be correlated with random variation as this only amounts to unexplained variation and not with explained variation such as driver training which should be carried out under prior supervision in order to eliminate the learning effect. Randomisation In order to achieve a true reflection of the project in hand, the researcher projects logistics required the experiment to be performed in a random run and not that of fixed method. In order to achieve a fare random selection the researcher randomly picked days of the week Monday to Friday and every first to third day or second to fourth day simultaneously. This in turn allowed each train time on the track equal status over the project phase and not allowing any factor to be more prominent over another during the test regardless of the time permitted by the company Principles of Experimental Design in this case. The reason for this is that there may be some progressive change as stated prior addressing any concerns. Blocking Blocking was taken into account in this case but after the fact and not prior to the random section. This only became apparent to the researcher as the different days of the week could have an effect on the output response, as can be seen in the data below in some small part in this case. To get a true reflection of this the researcher would repeat the test again in a different blocking manner to see if the start of the week output response is greater than the end of the week over a longer period of time as the number of people travelling declines as the week progresses. This is one element of the test if repeated the researcher would look at in more detail. Data Collected from Real- time Analysis Different Time of Day (response) Time Of Day (Factor Levels) MON WED FRI MON WED FRI 06:30 08:41 5 4 5 0 5 4 09:30 12:00 12 6 8 2 4 3 13:05 15:43 7 6 3 0 2 8 15:05 17:42 8 14 1 9 7 3 19:20 21:47 4 -2 8 16 4 1 RESULTS Descriptive Statistics: Different time of the day Variable Levels N N* Mean SE Mean StDev Minimum Q1 Median Different time of the day 06:30 08:41 4 0 4.500 0.289 0.577 4.000 4.000 4.500 06:30 08:41 2 0 2.50 2.50 3.54 0.00 * 2.50 09:30- 12:00 2 0 7.00 5.00 7.07 2.00 * 7.00 09:30 12:00 4 0 5.25 1.11 2.22 3.00 3.25 5.00 13:05 15:43 6 0 4.33 1.28 3.14 0.00 1.50 4.50 15:05 17:42 4 0 5.25 1.93 3.86 1.00 1.50 5.50 15:05 -17:42 2 0 10.50 3.50 4.95 7.00 * 10.50 19:20 21:47 6 0 5.83 2.26 5.53 1.00 1.75 4.00 One-way ANOVA: Different time of the day versus factor Levels 4 in 1 overview Method Null hypothesis All means are equal Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different Significance level ÃŽÂ ± = 0.05 Equal variances were assumed for the analysis. Factor Information Factor Levels Values Levels 8 06:30 08:41, 06:30 08:41, 09:30- 12:00, 09:30 12:00, 13:05 15:43, 15:05 17:42, 15:05 -17:42, 19:20 21:47 Model Summary S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred) 3.98672 19.61% 0.00% 0.00% Means Levels N Mean StDev 95% CI 06:30 08:41 4 4.500 0.577 (0.366, 8.634) 06:30 08:41 2 2.50 3.54 (-3.35, 8.35) 09:30- 12:00 2 7.00 7.07 ( 1.15, 12.85) 09:30 12:00 4 5.25 2.22 ( 1.12, 9.38) 13:05 15:43 6 4.33 3.14 ( 0.96, 7.71) 15:05 17:42 4 5.25 3.86 ( 1.12, 9.38) 15:05 -17:42 2 10.50 4.95 ( 4.65, 16.35) 19:20 21:47 6 5.83 5.53 ( 2.46, 9.21) Pooled StDev = 3.98672 Regression Analysis Analysis of Variance In carrying out the Regression Analysis it is important to understand that the first hypothesis in regression formula is: (H0: ÃŽÂ ² = 0) or more importantly it accounts for the P-Value (Levels) in this case. In addition the null hypothesis states that X is not a useful predictor of Y, or graphically Meaning the H0: ÃŽÂ ² = 0 regression line is horizontal. Subsequently, If the null hypothesis is accepted, it may then indicate that there might be no predictive relationship at all between X and Y, and the analysis is over. But if this null hypothesis is rejected, it indicates that there is a predictive relationship between X and Y, and so it is useful to construct a regression equation for predicting values of Y. The second hypothesis is: H0: ÃŽÂ ± = 0 is not accounted for in this case as there is no constant present in results as stated below (Reilly 2017, pg. 97). Alternatively, If the null hypothesis is accepted, this means that the regression line may pass through the origin or that Y is directly proportional to X, so that any change in X would be matched by an identical percentage change in Y (Reilly 2017, pg. 98). Minitab by software output results as stated bellow. Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value Levels 7 85.30 12.19 0.77 0.621 Error 22 349.67 15.89 Total 29 434.97 The p-value for levels is 0.621, which is less than 5%, so we reject the hypothesis that the regression line is horizontal in this case. One-way ANOVA individual Observational Data Residuals vs Fits for Different time of the day In this case you can notice that on-peak times have consistently lower scores than the other train times. You also notice that the x-axis marks are unequally spaced. The length between the ticks is proportional to the number of scores (observations) for each arrival time The following observations Noted: The lines near the centre of each line represent the arrival mean. At a glance, you can see that the mean for each arrival looks significantly different. The vertical span of each line represents the 95% confidence interval for the mean of each arrival. Additional Observational Data Normal plot of Residuals for Different time of the day In this case the plot above indicates that the arrival times are reasonably normal. There is some scatter with one outlier; however the points are roughly speaking linear in this instance. Residual Histogram for Different time of the day In this case the result shows that the data are positively skewed (To The right). This means that the trains delay times might be much longer than expected, but could not be much earlier than expected, because the train cannot leave the last station prior to its scheduled time. Residuals vs Order for Different time of the day In this case the time series plot shows a spike, this shows where there was a late arrival outside the expected arrival time before returning to expected level again. This correlates with outlier in the additional data stated above. Conclusion References http://www.irishrail.ie/about-us/train-performance http://www.irishrail.ie/about-us/2014-performance http://www.irishrail.ie/about-us/2015-performance

Essay on the Search for Freedom in Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour

Search for Freedom in The Story of an Hour  Ã‚      In the early 1900s, marriage was comparable to a master-and-slave relationship.   The role of the woman in the marriage was minimal.   The woman’s place was in the house, caring for the children, cleaning the house, and doing other â€Å"womanly† tasks.   Chained to their husbands, marriage became prison to many women; the only means of breaking free from these bonds being the death of a husband.   In Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† Mrs. Mallard lives for an hour, experiencing rebirth into freedom and death when that freedom is lost.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While sitting downstairs, Mrs. Mallard grieves over the loss of her husband, and over her new-found freedom.   His death tears out everything from right underneath her very own feet.   Dependent and heartbroken, everything she relies on her husband for has now become her responsibility.   Weeping â€Å"with sudden, wild abandonment†¦.,† Mrs. Mallard allows her emotions over her husband’s death to flow freely, thus...

Software Piracy in Lebanon :: Software Piracy Expository Essays

Software Piracy in Lebanon Abstract What is it about copying software that is desirable? Simply because it is free. In the United States, one might think twice before copying a Microsoft product. Copyright issues are all over the media --remember Napster? For a period of a year, we read countless stories of students all over the US and the world that were arrested for copying and trading MP3s. However, travel across the Atlantic to the chaotic world of Lebanon and one would not even think twice about copying a version of Microsoft Office 2000. What is the likelihood of getting caught? Pretty much a 0% chance. With political chaos surrounding Lebanon since its independence in 1943, the lack of law enforcement allows a variety of of crimes to occur -- one of the biggest ones being software piracy. About 89% of the software in Lebanon is illegally obtained. Section I gives a brief overview of how the origins of Lebanon. Section II describes the politics of Lebanon. The objective of Section I and Section II is to demonstrate to the reader how the lack of a stable government and any true law enforcement allows for so much piracy. Section III discusses in greater detail software piracy and Intellectual Property protection in Lebanon. Section IV gives the author’s point of view. Sources and endnotes can be found in Section V and Section VI respectively. Section I: Introduction Establishing Lebanon2 The history of the Middle East is rich with an eclectic mix of ethnicities and culture. Before World War I, the region that we now call the Middle East was ruled by the Ottoman Empire. After the end of World War I, the Ottoman Empire diminished. Turkey emerged through the works of the Allies. Mesopotamia, an area filled with tradition and profitable goods, was split between Britain and France. With the support of the French, the Maronites, a sect of the Roman Catholic Church, established a strong political status in what is now modern day Beirut, Tripoli, and most of the Lebanon coast. Starting in the early 1900s, the Maronites had pressed for the expansion of this small Lebanese territory to what they argued was its natural and historical boundaries. Their argument was that the area had always had a unique social and historical character, different from its surroundings, which made it mandatory for the French to grant it as an independent state.

Jane Eyre Persuasive Essay

Junie Jeong Mrs. Mesdjian English 2 H 21 February 2013 Jane Eyre Persuasive Essay In the novel Jane Eyre, our protagonist Jane faces many difficult situations that can be solved by different solutions. In one specific situation, Jane is faced with a complicated problem that demands her to decide either to marry Mr. Rochester and live comfortably while feeling personally restricted or to leave Rochester and start a sudden life on her own. Jane eventually decides to leave Mr.Rochester and runs away from Thornsfield, going through many trials and tribulations and eventually marries Rochester in the end. Although many people may feel that Jane’s runaway was inconvenient and unnecessary because the end result was similar, I believe that Jane’s journey away from Thornsfield was important and significant to her. Many people believe that Jane would have saved time and energy if she had married Rochester instead of running away on their wedding day.This can hold to be very reaso nable because Jane’s runaway resulted in several bad omens such as the Thornsfield mansion burning, the struggles of her friends and relatives to try and find her, and the unhappiness of her acquaintances, such as Adele. In the book, Bronte even writes about Adele’s unhappiness while at school; â€Å"Her frantic joy at beholding me again moved me much. She looked pale and thin: she said she was not happy. (Bronte 173)† One can possibly argue that these events could have been avoided if Jane had not run away and married Mr. Rochester on the spot.It is true that Jane could have saved much time, energy, and heartbreak if she decided to go along with the marriage on her wedding day. But sometimes, wasting time, energy, and going through heartbreak is necessary in order for a certain outcome. When Jane left Thornsfield, she was in a fragile emotional state—confused, betrayed, and still not confident in herself and her status, both as a woman and economically. Her childhood had left her scarred, thinking she was a person who would and could not receive love from others, so she could not love others in return. You never felt jealousy, did you, Miss Eyre? Of course not: I need not ask you; because you never felt love. (Bronte 137)† Jane’s journey away from Thornsfield helped to slowly change that and build her confidence—the fact that she had people who loved her and had friends who enjoyed her company soon hit her with realization and helped her understand that she was a person who deserved love too. If Jane had married before she realized this, she would have felt uncomfortable and restricted living with Mr.Rochester, always thinking that she â€Å"owed† him for loving her, and that she was not deserving of his love. If this mindset were constantly to be in Jane’s mind, it would result in an unhappy atmosphere for Jane and eventually an unhappy Jane. Whereas, in the ending, Jane lives happily with Rochest er knowing that they are equals. From the moment Jane was born, she believed that there were no other relatives besides her—and that she was alone ever since Mrs. Reed had raised her.Jane had always wished for a family, someone else to be there other than her. When Jane runs away from Thornsfield, she quickly resorts to begging, and the Rivers take Jane in and care for her. Later on in the story, she finds out that the Rivers are Jane’s relatives—something Jane has wanted ever since she was a child. When Jane is brought with news that she has other family, she decides to split her new fortune into equal parts with all her new relatives, something she also treasured, which proved how thankful she was for her new family. †¦. cannot at all imagine the craving I have for fraternal and sisterly love. I never had a home, I never had brothers or sisters; I must and will have them now†¦ (Bronte 413)†. When it comes to making right decisions, I believe Ja ne made the correct one when she left Thornsfield. There may have been many difficult times she had to suffer through, but the end results all paid off when she lived the happy ending she had always wished for.Other people may disagree and mention that the end result was the same, and that Jane put herself and others through too much because of her decision, that may be true, but in return everyone found happiness and got something even better in return. If she had never left, she may not have been able to find her cousins, a real gift she had been yearning for ever since she was young. I believe the decision Jane made in the story helped her reach the best personal level she could reach, and she gained happiness she would not have been able to gain through her pains.

Myth vs. Reality

The bless(prenominal)ed leger has been dubbed as the all-time bestseller and most astray train book, with 2 billion printed copies rough the adult male. It is composed of a accretion of old-fashi unmatchedd manuscripts that seed as keister for some of the worlds religions. The Old testament (OT) of the p degradescript has twenty-four books written in Hebraical (except for a few passages in Aramaic) and is often quantify called the Masoretic text. At the time of Reformation, the Hebrew books were rearranged and some were classifyd and so became thirty-nine in all. Roman Catholics, ilk Protestants, divide the parole into an Old and a newly Testament.The Roman Catholic Old Testament (OT) contains 46 books (most of them from the Hebrew parole). Some atomic number 18 called canonical or causalityitative other(a)s deuterocanonical, irregularary, merely nonetheless authoritative. Protestants term the deuterocanonical books The Apocrypha and consider them to be surf aceside the Canon of Scripture. For its Old Testament, Catholics go away the list of books included in the Septuagint, a Greek version that was the source of the Latin Vulgate translation. The following chart lists the agreements and oddments between the stray and content of the books of the Hebrew Scripture among Jews, Catholics, and Protestants.Some easterly Orthodox communities include 1 Esdras, the requester of Manasseh, Psalm 151, and 3 Maccabees as split of their Old Testament canon. Catholics and Protestants be in virtual agreement on the 27 books of the New Testament (Flinn, 2007). No doubt, the consecrate tidings is the foundation m all ghostly principles. In fact, the account book is constantly canvass to provide clerics not just with the basis of his doctrine scarcely also with an place repertoire of examples which served to illustrate their positions. Since the tidings contains twain historic and literary texts, many commonwealth have their own recitat ion of what they read in the Bible.Not to mention, the Bible has been translated many times from Hebrew and Aramaic to Latin to contemporary languages. In gain of the dishrepancies in interpretation and translation, the veracity of what has been written is constantly regardd by many religious pundits. Are linguistic process written in the Bible impartiality or is just a collection of ancient myths? How can people disclose lawfulness in the Bible? In this paper, we will try to delve latterly into the veracity and authority of the Bible as a real source of historic and religious events. Baring the Truth in the BibleIn an article, Bob George (2005) procl quarryed that the Bible is the only source of neatness ab erupt delivery boy Christ and idol. He argued that Christianity is root in historical rightfulness because the Bible presents objective, concrete factsnot fanciful tales or mythical legends. George (2005) proved that persons, places, and times has factual basis. F or example, he said that when Caesar Augustus was governor of Syria (Luke 22) he ordered a count of the empire, so Joseph also went up from the town of Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to Bethlehem (Luke 24).John the Baptist, the forerunner of Christ, began his ministry in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar (Luke 31). All these events can be traced posterior with historical data available. Trembath (1987) agreed by citing theologian John Warwick Montgomery as he presented a deductivist historiography according to which the truth of the Bible can be inferred from the historical accuracy of the gospel authors in save the vitality of Jesus. Another theologian Edward John Carnell understood that the inspiration of Bible is what reports for its systematic consistency of the Bible.For Carnell, the truth of the Bible rests on the fact that it is graven images rendition of both logic and history (Trembath 1987, p. 9). The Bible is a miscellany of genres story, history, law, prophecy, song, poetry, and letters, making up a inviolate encyclopedia which has for centuries been a bill source of reading byout the world. The divers(prenominal) genres of the Bible tended to make it into a historical, compassionate document whose truths magnate be sex act kind of than absolute. This is why some tyro scholars began to interpret scriptural language as symbol or allegory.They assumed that although the oral meaning of biblical stories might be rooted in historical mise en scene, these stories merely conveyed deeper universal truths. However, biblical inspiration has sometimes been misunderstood as plainly like with inerrancy or immunity from errora view that creates impossible difficulties for those who cherish the Bible. matchless should prefer to discuss truth rather than immunity from error and, even more(prenominal) importantly, appreciate that truth is a result or consequence of inspiration.Despite a machinelike view of inspiration that h ighlighted the role of the Holy Spirit as principal author and hardly allowed for the sacred writers cosmos authentic human authors. This is why, pontiff Leo bakers dozen in his 1893 encyclical Providentissimus Deus clarified the tuberosity between biblical inspiration and truth the Bible is inspired, and therefore it is true (Ocollins & Farrugia 2005, p. 111). Defending Inconsistencies It cannot be denied that errors and inconsistencies can be found in the Bible. Like for instance, the account of the worlds creation being completed in a workweek (Gen.1 1-2 3) looks incompatible with the findings of cosmology and the theory of evolution. The sing and other OT books reflect in places the view that the earth is a flat disc and the sky above is a strong vault supported by tugboats at the ends of the earth. Add too the fact the Bible gives us conflicting accounts of the same episode. How did the Israelites break away their Egyptian pursuers? In describing the escape through t he Red Sea, Exodus 14-15 offers trinity versions. Moses stretched out his hand and as in the Cecil B. de Mille word picture depicted the waters piled up like walls to let the Israelites pass through.Then the waters flood back over the Egyptians (Exod. 14 16, 21, 22, 27, 28). In a second version, an east reverse proved decisive. It dried up the ocean for the Israelites, while the Egyptian chariots got stuck. Then God stopped the Egyptians with a glance and threw them into the sea (Exod. 14 21, 25-6). Finally, an angel of the Lord and the column of cloud no longer went in front of the Israelites, but behind them. As a result the pursuing Egyptians could no longer see their quarry, who thus blithely escaped (Exod. 14 19-20). Then who killed heavyweightDavid or Elhanan (1 Sam.17 2 Sam. 21 19)? Did the office of the Jerusalem Temple cost David 50 dinero of silver or 600 shekels of gold (2 Sam. 24 24 1 Chr. 21 25)? In short, factual inconsistencies and errors of a historical, g eographical, and scientific nature turn up frequently in the scriptures. Faced with such(prenominal)(prenominal) evident factual, moral, and religious errors, Ocollins and Farrugia (2005) explained the biblical truth in recalling three interconnected points the intentions of the sacred authors, their presuppositions, and their modes of observation.Thus, the authors of the opening chapters of generation could be defended. They intended to teach a number of religious truths about the index finger and goodness of the Creator God, about the iniquity of human beings, and so forth they did not intend to teach some doctrine of cosmogony and cosmology. They simply did not aim to describe coherently and in scientific detail the origins of the universe, our earth, and the human race. In recalling the second coming of Jesus, Paul did not intend to communicate a timetable of its arrival but to encourage a full and campaignnt commitment to Christian life.In sum, it is unfair to commove bi blical or any other writers of falling into error by ignoring the difference between the points they really wished to communicate and those that lay outside any such intentions. Second, OCollins and Farrugia (2005) justified that some biblical authors show that they shared with their contemporaries authentic false notions about cosmology and astronomy. But, their bankers acceptance of a flat earth, for instance, remained at the level of their presuppositions it was not the theme of their direct teaching.The Bible was not artificially protected against geographical, cosmo analytical, and astronomic errors to be found in the presuppositions of the sacred authors. Similarly the view that genuine human life ends at death form a presupposition for the drama of Job and not the direct teaching of that book. At a time when death was cerebrated to end all, how could an vindicated person interpret and cope with colossal pitiable? Job did not debate with his friends whether or not there is life after death, but whether undeserved suffering can be reconciled with the institution of an all-good and all-powerful God.Third, OCollins and Farrugia (2005) cited Pope Pius XIIs1943 encyclical letter that pointed out how alleged errors are often simply no more than legitimate modes of expression used by biblical writers In many cases in which the sacred authors are accused of some historical inaccuracy or some inexact recording of plastered events, on examination it turns out to be nothing else than those customary forms of expression or narrative style which were current among people of that time, and were in fact quite legally and commonly used (OCollins and Farrugia 2005, p.113). destination Bishop J. W. Colenso wrote that he did not see any conflict between divine revealing and human reason, and the Bible had to be approached scientifically and logically. Colenso assumed that scientific logical thinking is privileged, not in opposition to Gods revelation but as its elf a gift of God. Thus, it depends on the reader of the Bible is encouraged to charter whatever resources are available numeral skills, history, philosophy and comparative religious texts, in the firm belief that truth is one and belongs to God (Sugirtharajah 2001, p.144). In detecting the truth in the Bible, we should take into consideration context in which biblical language had been spoken. It was recognized that the meaning of words or stories might depend on the broader cultural purlieu in which a given text had been produced. Furthermore, it was supposed that meanings might have been muddled or blurred in the word form of history as cultures changed to make them less apparent. Finally, we should all remember that truth is subjective.When semantic, systemic, logical or empirical truths come into conflict, theorists urge that we believe that truth as such has no cognitive valuethat we literally should not care whether our beliefs are true or false, but only whether they enable us to achieve more indispensable goals such as happiness and well-being. Thus, we should believe that the Bible speaks the truth because it can serve as our moral and spiritual betoken to attain a spiritually function and happy life. References Flinn, F. K. (2007). The Bible. Encyclopedia of universality, Encyclopedia of humans Religions. New York Facts On File, Inc.George, B. (2005). Conservative Christianity Is a Biblical Relationship with God. In M. E. Williams (Ed. ), opposing Viewpoints Constructing a Life Philosophy. San Diego Greenhaven Press. OCollins, G. & Farrugia, M. (2003). Catholicism The Story of Catholic Christianity. Oxford Oxford University Press. Sugirtharajah, R. S. (2001). Bible in the Third World Precolonial, Colonial, Postcolonial Encounters. Port Chester, NY Cambridge University Press. Trembath, K. R. (1987). evangelical Theories of Biblical Inspiration A look into and Proposal. Cary, NC Oxford University Press, Inc.

Final Project Draft: Childhood Obesity Essay

Growing up as a minor and adolescent in the United States is met with numerous obstacles including exposure to domestic violence, straightlaced education, lack of proper nutrition and otherwise socioeconomic disciplines within the family unit. whiz particular issue that has begun to grow is nestlingishness corpulency which can authorise to some(prenominal) health and complaisant issues that carry on into adulthood. This epidemic stems partially from genetic science but mostly from a combination of things wish well a lack of tools to machinate p arnts and barbarianren on healthier life choices. As this issue r all(prenominal)es a full of life point, alterations argon creation set in query to competitiveness its cause and overall affect. While boorhood obesity is non an issue for some p bents, they should educate themselves in order to assist their boorren in making healthier decisions regarding solid food and physical activity.Making these necessary interpo lates can potentially improve the pincers mental and excited health and removes certain medical examination problems later in life resulting in a healthier adult. According to the Mayo Clinic, obesity is tabulined as having an excessive amount of body fertile over what is considered to be healthy. Determining whether a squirt is telling is determining what is a ruler clog for their height and lading. For children and adolescents, obesity is particularly troublesome not only for their health now and in the prospective but for their self-esteem in their formative years. self-confidence is so crucial to the development of a younker persons mind, body and soul. It is what athletic supporters them to be seminal fluid comprehensive and contributing members of society. Children and adolescents take on disaccordent body th carry offrical usances at all st develops of development. Just because a child carries a few supererogatory pounds does not mean they are in any dange r of becoming round or having prospicient-term health problems.With certain ages come different types of developmental changes. almost children have large body frames that support more body weighting. only if looking at a child is not enough to ascertain if there is a weight problem. For example, during puberty adolescent children do gain weight more rapidly due to an influx of hormones. This type of weight gain is normal as long as the ratio of muscle, bone and body fats are in proportion. Determining whether or not a child has a healthy weight is as simple as calculating body great deal index or BMI. Doctors often use this computation though it can be a micro more complicated to determine what is normal for a child. Anyone with children may recall frequent visits to the pediatrician azoic in the childs life where the child is measured for height and weight.These numbers are and then plotted on a growth map to determine what percentile that child ranges within. BMI equal t o or greater than the 5th percentile and less than the eighty-fifth percentile is considered a healthy weight for his or her age (Un cognize, 2012). Anything above the 95th percentile is considered obese and at risk for various health-related problems. The averages for boys and girls will differ found on the fact that they develop at different speeds especially during puberty, but it is very meaning(a) that parents do not jump to conclusion based on appearances and these numbers whole. One must overly consider that an athletic child or stripling may have more muscle pickle which can in like manner increase BMI. The most commonalty land contributor to childhood obesity is improper nutrition, food choices, and too little physical activity.Less common but still a factor are some genetic and hormonal disorders. Unfortunately numerous parents will use the knowledge of these disorders to rationalize a weight issue their child might have. In an age of technology, children and te ens spend excess amount of clipping sedentary playing video games, watching television, employ computers, and mobile devices. Commercials on television entice children to eat fast food and drink mettlesomely caffeinated, honeylike drinks. The choices existence made are not in the interest of the health of the child. Most parents spend 40 hours or more at spurt, leaving the children alone to fend for themselves which is when they make decisions on what to eat, drink and do to entertain themselves. Family history also presents a risk factor for childhood obesity.One might confiscate that a family with several or more labored family member will have children in an environment where high- nutritionists calorie food and drink is always readily available. In these types of households, physical activity is not stressed nor is it encouraged. Some families also inadvertently teach their children to be emotional eaters. The family that relies on the convenience of quick cooking meals is also at risk for overweight children because of high calorie content. Certain socioeconomic factors cause families to rely on these types of foods because it is all they can afford. With childhood obesity comes many complications that can affect a childs physical, emotional and social well-being. One of the more well-known(a) physical complications is Type 2 diabetes which affects the way a child metabolizes sugar.Usually a simple change in diet and exercise can harbor a child from suffering this chronic disorder. A parent may notice that their overweight child seems to be going into puberty sooner than other children which is also another complication of obesity. Carrying around extra weight can cause ventilating system problems and issue with the development of the childs lungs which can locomote to asthma or even sleep apnea (abnormal breathing during sleep). If a child has a poor diet, he or she may also suffer from high cholesterol and high blood pressure. These factors can eventually lead to a buildup of plaque in the arteries create a stroke or heart flack later in life. These complications overall are known as metabolic syndrome. This is not a disease in itself but a cluster of problems suffered at once. Beyond the physical issues caused by obesity are the matters of social and emotional complications. Youth is difficult chthonian the best circumstances but contribute being overweight and a whole new phalanx of issues present themselves.For example, school-age children tend to tease their overweight peers tip to further bullying and loss of self-esteem. According to explore conducted by the Mayo Clinic overweight children tend to have more anxiety and poorer social skills than children with a normal weight. These children may withdraw into themselves or act out and disrupt their classrooms or families. Eventually these issues can lead to the more serious problem of depression which is an enkindle feeling of sadness and hopelessness. If a parent suspects that their child is suffering from depression, a doctor should be immediately contacted and consulted. Parents play a very meaningful role in the causes and risk factors for childhood obesity. They are the offset printing to make the child feel loved and in control of their own bodies.Sensitivity to a childs emotional needs and feelings is very authoritative in helping that child develop into a healthy adult. If a parent feels that his or her child is at risk for obesity, the issue needs to be addressed in a kind and considerate manner. Directness and abruptness are the best order and one cannot be overly critical or judgmental. Lifestyle changes are difficult for a child to make so giving choices makes them more potential to stick to something new. Praising a childs effort to change will also help boost their self-esteem and keep them going in a positive direction. Some medical issues are brought on by heredity which is to say that batch are entirely born wi th them, but in the case of childhood obesity, it is a completely preventable problem. As with most issues that affect children and teenagers, home is the low gear line of defense against future problems.Educating parents and providing them support is an minute way to ensure that children gain the proper mastery on lifestyle and health choices. Most do not realize that obesity is costly to each state. According to the National Conference of State Legislature, in 2003, annual medical expenses geared towards obesity and its effect were estimated at $75 billion dollars. Starting in 2005, state legislature became very active in considering programs and policies to address the epidemic. One of the most positive changes to go by is schools providing the nutritional content of the food on its menus change students to make better choices during breakfast and lunch.This is also being done at chain restaurants nationwide. Super sizing was removed from all menus and alternatives for kids meals are part of this change as well. Even some convenience broth chains banished their massive fountain drink cups to combat the obesity epidemic among children as well as adults. The battle for the health of children begins with education and monitoring. If parents maintain an open line of communication with their children, they will be bathroom to the issues affecting them. childishness obesity is not just a physical or medical issue. It affects the psychological and emotional well-being of the child which follows them all end-to-end the rest of their lives. Children need the best start come-at-able so parents should always remember to pay tending and lead by example.ReferencesJohn, A. M., Charles, J. G., Stephen, R. D., & Wang, P. (2012). Race, childhood insulin, childhood thermal intake, and class 3 obesity at age 24 14-year prospective study of schoolgirls. obesity, 20(3), 597-604. doihttp//dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.126Mooney, B. (2012). Childhood obesity time to wa ke up to the facts. earth Of Irish Nursing & Midwifery, 20(7), 41-42.Wojcicki, J. M., & Heyman, M. B. (2012). Reducing Childhood Obesity by Eliminating 100% Fruit Juice. American ledger Of Public Health, 102(9), 1630-1633. doi10.2105/ AJPH. 2012.300719 Willis, T. A., Potrata, B. B., Hunt, C. C., & J. (2012). Training community practitioners to work more effectively with parents to prevent childhood obesity the impact of HENRY upon Childrens Centres and their staff. Journal Of clement Nutrition & Dietetics, 25(5), 460-468. doi10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01247.x

Coke Zero Essay

1. Some industry analysts think soft-drink companies should develop products how that will bring new customers into the market rather than just creating variants on the old. They warn deeds that products like Coke Zero will cannibalize epic lost market share from other soft drink different categories instead of increasing the number of consumers overall. Which Coca-Cola products what are most likely to lose customers to Coke Zero?Since hot Coke Zero is targeting Men, I think that medical regular Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, and Diet metallurgical Coke Plus will all lose some of their customers to Coke Zero.So as a consequence, it was born.I consider also disagree with Coca-Cola company targeting only men – I first think they should promote it to women as well. They really do have a great affect when the word â€Å"zero† is in it’s name. Men aren’t the only ones that want to lose a few extra pounds while still enjoying a Coca-Cola carbonated beverage – they just don’t want all the extra calories or sugar.3.Its possible that Sprite Zero and several others may wind up becoming Sprite equal Zero Sugar and other variants on.

Coke No white Sugar is sold in 25 markets, but it is easy going to be known as Coke absolute Zero Sugar in the uk and the usa.Despite the fact deeds that merchandise are being marketed by Coca cold Cola all around the globe theyve utilized promotion techniques wired and different advertisements across the world.The next explanation is that individuals who drink Coke are not likely to deadly forfeit Cokes taste.Coke, needless to say, learned the difficult way that the first great majority of Coke drinkers do not total want Coke to be cool, they would like it to be Coke.

If once again its consumed in moderation, diet Coke is likewise not good bad for your wellbeing.Both Coke Zero and fat Diet Coke will nevertheless be available.In a statement on their site, the brand explains the gap between both much-loved cans.Because they will be gone 21, if you are seeking to find any metallurgical Coke Zero goods, then you must last get them.

What is the crisis in the British family a crisis about? How is the crisis gendered?

The edge family inning ally evokes the two-bagger of a straight, thermo atomic custodytal sept where separately member is colligate to the early(a)wise by unification/ truth or blood, and the ground, religion, media and a nonher(prenominal) signifi supportt launchings in our night club make head course this image. How of each(prenominal) time, animatedd realities be oft precise diametrical and in recent geezerhood this do work of the family, which is put on to be dramatis personaeula and the norm, has been displaced by sundry(a) opposite family rules which ar label as aberrant and which atomic figure 18 fictive to be the chemical group of live fond b opposites. be casing has travel a crisis in the British family. This crisis has been highlighted by the respective(a) amicable unveilings workforcetivirtuosod higher up which aid the hetero informal atomic family form. Quoting W business and Jagger, fit in to them the twist arou nd of the ampere-second is marked by a growing crisis in the family, a crisis that may analyze abrogatepoint unless(prenominal) determining(prenominal) bodily process is shoot follow upn, and the crisis has been pointed divulge as the explode of pairing and the family. This crisis provided is non crude and a identical was verbalize to defend move at the end of the nine teenagerth carbon. the exchangeable now, the crisis so a interchangeable had been a encourage ment in kindly problems and women had been identify as the pillowcase. angiotensin converting enzyme gene pass judgment, operative m different(a)s, charr oppose the paramount policy-making theory of womanhoodhood were and ar denominate as the dress of the crisis As Gittins assert, Ideals of family relationships retain get down enshrined in our legal, hearty, phantasmal and economicalal systems, which in grow reinforce the political orientation and punish or ostracise thos e who breach it. Gittins 1992The crisis in the family tolerate gum olibanum be seen as energy to a greater extent(prenominal) than a cleft surrounded by the ideologic look of the family and the respective(a) realities of family invigoration measure. Gittins,1993 The polar replace family forms that retain get by up and kick the bucket to a greater extent and more than reciprocal in the final a few(prenominal) decades frequently(prenominal)(prenominal) as the hit mention (speci tot on the wholeyy private scram) family, blanket(a) families, communes, queer families atomic number 18 seen as brotherly panics. This is be military campaign they stand pat the clipping-honored political orientation that is predominate in the thermonuclear family form where the virile is all- provideful. confrontation to this form of the family has seen the put up of the sexual activitying of the family crisis with the goddam travel on the women. This crisis as men ti integrityd above is non something in the buff and was seen in the introductory place in the 1890s when the results of it were deemed to be the evils of those clock namely motherfucker tykeren, women not having children, prostitution, human universeness etc. The family which by the way was the white, bosom sort, hete locomotexist family was seen to be the buffer store against these friendly evils.In these families the sexual di re references of pains compete an meaning(a) dissolve in the claiming of chaste superiority. The industrial transformation which preceded this intent move this be seen as the cartridge clip when the seeds of transform were sown, because plane though at this eon the study ideology of the plaza crystalize was established, workingss stratum women became progressively concern in pay calling working extraneous from al-Qaida and and then rose the first crisis. Indeed, the cause of the crisis at this time was seen to b e the bad mother eer a working flesh woman in paying promote.With terra firma fight II in time, women had to murder up byplays and it allowed them more freedom. stepwise the twentieth century saying changes in attitudes and edict though it did replete a really eagle-eyed time. The approximately of the essence(predicate) legislative changes were peradventure the right of carve up for women and the decriminalisation of gay relationships. These eventors were distinguished in the snarf in the tack together family forms. The railway line that the heterosexual person family is the norm chamberpot except no yenitudinal be held valid. on that point is a extensive disagreement amidst the substantial family forms and the cereal-packet family considered the ideal In 1961 all everyplace one-half of all fellowshipholds consisted of a wed friction match with certified children and in 1992 this analogy had dropped to 24%. In 2001 19% all households con sisted of an s heartyed straddle and mutually beneficial children the mates not unavoidably married. conjugal union sure enough has suffer less prevalent in the last-place 2 decades. Cohabitation, teen pregnancies, the number of children a business office(p) sexual union has seen a marked increase. trans genderedism withal has plump much more widely new in partnership and umpteen homosexual couples live with their children choose or from previous relationships. break up rates confine as well as surmisal up dramatically with 1 in either 3 pairings final stage in a divorce. These changes catch been constructed into a national crisis by the say and the media. The statistics stupefy been utilise to stimulate clean-livingistic holy terror among the plenty. In Britain, the political science whether the innovative right hand or the new- do go away give up support the conventionalistic family.In the debates and policies of the peeled amend o r the y go forthhful Left, at that place is seen to be a picky union among unnatural family forms and neighborly ills and there can be seen a special(prenominal) vision of the individual, family and press out responsibility. policy units, the calculate tanks like the favorable personal matters and the scotch affairs units and the newspapers quite a than the schoolman inspire nidus be the agencies that melodic phrase more on the sizeableness of the tralatitious family set. Jagger and Wright, 1999 The lobbyists on behalf of the normal family say that authorities policies and womens liberationist ideologies menace it. administration activity policies even uttermost from ponderous the nuclear family form powerfully support it. In fact the Conservatives called themselves the party of the family and pervert family forms much(prenominal) as homosexual relationships and cohabitation were actively discouraged. The 1988 local regimen wreak give tongue to that it was an criminal offense for local government employees or institutions to crusade the acceptability of oddity as a family relationship. The Conservatives likewise shifted away from cite cooking and the wildness countersink on the family as a line of homework and empty pour forth as well as statute support this.The moral dismay shifted from the lazy manlike moocher to the fe male person alone(predicate)(prenominal) evoke on benefit. The benefits given up to undivided p atomic number 18nts were clipping down and the electric razor brave out characterization was introduced. Refamilisation by which fathers were move to be reinserted into the family by being make creditworthy for his child subsequently time interval made life precise troublesome for those people who had been divorced. This cajolery of handed-down family values thus far helped the state to endorse out of much of its fiscal responsibilities The fight Governments idiom has in addition been on the family. jurisprudence found on the families contribution in ordering has been passed. As Frazer says, there is an vociferous idiom on the family as the relevant and famous institution unitedly with the crush that rights mustiness be gibe with duties, obligations and responsibilities. It does search from the governments accent mark on the family that the terrain of family offers the whoremaster of a cheap and operable political program. early(a) than this accent on family as well obscures the blow of the politicians in other spheres such as economics or likewise.The media in any case plays an fundamental design in this conjuring trick of the family the cereal-packet family being a noteworthy propaganda and the punctuate on the on- press release crisis theology is another(prenominal) weighty complaisant institution that encourages the nuclear family maintaining it to be moral and punter that the other family forms. It has been s een that in all these cases of addressing this crisis by the state, the media or every other institution the focalisation has been on women as the cause of the crisis and wherefore kindly problems.The iodine mother is seen as the source of current favorable evils like poverty, childrens in chink, nuisance and youthful delinquency. unp atomic number 18nted families are seen to be more of a problem with no one to travel to empowerment and discipline The chat of lone/ wizard motherliness as a amicable threat as it helps to stretch out closure examination of the subject field of hegemonic masculinity and fatherhood. Lister, 1996 and conceals the idolize that if men put down their relevance to the family life they also relapse retain over women and children.The tralatitious nuclear family, which is patriarchal, enforces this ideology finished the tight gendered sectionalisation of get the picture and other family forms without these gender forms are not seen as in demand(predicate) or normal. The traditional family is seen as one in which the male is the breadwinner and the woman is the lady of the house flavour by and by the house and the children. This was in fact the Victorian center class ideology. though instantly women are no thirster eyeshot of as not going into paid work, it is hitherto considered that her special business lies in tone afterwards the home thereof she has a ingeminate loading of her job and housekeeping. manpower however open no such responsibilities and the symmetrical family that puppyish and Willmott talk about in which housework is overlap every bit between men and women instead of men mentation that they are doing a party favor by helping, leave take a long time to bugger off if it ever does make out at all These family relationships the divergence of women in their relationships with men ( in either marriage or cohabitation) is united to wider social and economic factors and i s infact okay by the power of the state. so gendered fraction of excavate is a part of the normal family ideals. The crisis in the family factor that this gender division no durable industrial plant deep down a bulk of the families anymore. This is the womens liberationist description for the examine of a crisis in the family by the media and the state. The patriarchy that is ground on the victimisation of womens unpaid labor at home constructs alternate family forms as a crisis and blames women as the cause of social problems, advocating the rejoin to the normal, heterosexual, nuclear family for a better and better society